Follow print for the foot sign and the caesura to mark the pauses in speech, as in scanning poetry.

When the line by line format of print (as in a poem) is changed to a linear format in braille, use the line indicator to mark the breaks between lines. The line indicator is unspaced from the preceding line and is followed by space before the following line.

Follow print when capitals, letter modifiers, change of typeface and/or symbols written on the line above are used to indicate stress either in the syllables of a word or in the words in a phrase, sentence or poem.

When print uses marks before or after a syllable to indicate it is stressed, use the primary and secondary stress signs and follow print placement. Describe what print sign is used on the symbols page or in a transcriber's note. 

Refer to: Section 3.11, General Symbols and Indicators, for the prime sign used for feet and minutes; and to Guidelines for Technical Material, Part 11 for the prime sign used in technical material.

Follow print when capitals and change of typeface are used to indicate tonal patterns of speech, as in texts for learners of English as a second language.

For other modes of indicating tone, including arrows and position, use the tone symbols in this section.

When scansion, stress and tone are shown with the International Phonetic Alphabet, use the most recent edition of IPA Braille: An Updated Tactile Representation of the International Phonetic Alphabet.

Use line mode when it is advantageous to draw "lines" using standard braille cells. Line mode enables regular text and diagrammatic lines to coexist without ambiguity, even within the same diagram. Refer to: Section 7, Punctuation, for the hyphen, dash, long dash and low line; Guidelines for Technical Material, Part 4, for the lines in spatial calculations and other technical diagrams; and Part 16.7, for the lines and bonds in structural formulae used in chemistry.

Do not use line mode when the attributes of the lines or their relationship with one another is important, such as in the study of geometry or the measurement of angles.