In non-technical material, list the complete shape symbol (without any grade 1 indicator) and its meaning on the symbols page or in a transcriber's note.

Note: A grade 1 indicator may need to be added before the symbol in the text of the document being transcribed.

Refer to: Section 11.7, Technical Material, and Guidelines for Technical Material, Part 14, for further information on shapes; and 3.26 for transcriber-defined symbols.

A space is a blank area separating words, letters, numbers and punctuation. Whenever there is some amount of space in print, including at the end of a line, there is a space in braille. If there is doubt as to whether a space is present in print, presume one is present. The amount of space present is not considered important.

Note: In print, formatting and other techniques can leave varying amounts of space. In braille, formatting rules may also require varying amounts of space, for example two spaces at the beginning of a paragraph and aligning text in a table.

Refer to: Section 6.6, Numeric Mode, for the special case of a space used as a separator within a number and to Section 11.2.2, Technical Material, for spacing in mathematics.

Indicate the subscript or superscript position when used in print. In grade 2 braille, use grade 1 mode for the subscript and the superscript indicators.

Refer to: Section 11.4, Technical Material, for superscripts and subscripts and to 3.4, for braille grouping indicators.

Refer to: Section 4.2, Letters and Their Modifiers, for the tilde accent above a letter.

Use a transcriber-defined symbol for any print symbol which has no UEB equivalent and which occurs so frequently in the text that the use of a transcriber-defined shape or composite symbol would be impractical. List each transcriber-defined symbol used and its meaning on the symbols page or in a transcriber's note.

Note: In grade 2 braille, use grade 1 mode for the first transcriber-defined print symbol.

Refer to: Section 4.2, Letters and Their Modifiers, for transcriber-defined modifiers and Section 9.5, Typeforms, for transcriber-defined typeform indicators.

Use the opening and closing transcriber's note indicators as unspaced enclosures around words of explanation added by the transcriber and embedded within the text. However, do not use transcriber's note indicators for notes on a separate preliminary page set up specifically to list general transcriber's notes.

Follow print for the use of the asterisk, dagger and double dagger, regardless of meaning.

Note: For example, the dagger may be used as a reference mark, or as the Latin or Christian cross to signify death or a member of the clergy.

Note: Usually the asterisk and sometimes the dagger and double dagger appear raised from the baseline in print. This is not considered the superscript position.

Use braille grouping indicators when necessary to ensure that the preceding braille symbol or indicator applies to all the symbols enclosed by the braille grouping indicators rather than just to the symbol immediately following.

Note: This includes a modifier which applies to more than one letter and a subscript or superscript indicator which applies to more than one "item".

Refer to: Section 4.2.5, Letters and Their Modifiers and Section 11.4, Technical Material.

Follow print for the use of the bullet.

Note: At times, other symbols may be used for a similar purpose.

Refer to: 3.22 for shapes and 3.26 for transcriber-defined symbols.

Follow print for the use of the caret.

Refer to: Section 4.2, Letters and Their Modifiers, for the circumflex accent above a letter.